'Richard Layard stated that ‘happiness comes from outside and within’ Essay\r'

' gratification is described as a ordained notion that ranges from Joy to contentment. Everybody would wish well to be happy. It is believed that slew who argon happy are more successful, productive, have come apart relationships and better health. We would like to maintain these feelings when we have them. Richard Layard uses the scathe ‘ removed’ and ‘ inwardly’ to describe where happiness comes from. ‘ exterior’ factors include in fluences like relationships, tender identities and culture. ‘Within’ looks at influences such as biology, thoughts and feelings. So the ‘out view’ relates to tender influences and ‘ at bottom’ relates to personal factors in expression the individual. This essay aims to acknowledge tell of these multiple influences in order to condone Richard Layard’s give tongue toment. First it will address ‘within’, next it will look at the ‘ distantâ₠¬â„¢, finishing with a conclusion.\r\nA key biologic factor of happiness is linked to a whole lifestyle and alimentation the objurgate(a) food. Exercising and eating right increases the body’s train of endorphins, which of course gives us a boost. Certain foods stir the yield of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Serotonin regulates mood, appetite and sleep, and is what produces the feelings of happiness and satisfaction within us. If we have low directs of serotonin we feel discourage and anxious. Judith Wurtman (1996) (cited in ariseing psychology 2011) anchor a connection between low levels of serotonin and a diet low in carbohydrates. People on high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate diets inform feelings of depression anger and tension which were unusually high. Foods that stimulate serotonin contain a chemical called tryptophan. Foods like fish, nuts, beans, eggs, oats and chocolate all contain this mood boosting chemical. So what we put in our bodies squeeze out affect our level of happiness. When Layard states happiness comes from ‘within’ he is drawing on these biological factors.\r\nBut are some of us born with a genetic predisposition to be happier than others? Richard Davidson et al. (2000) (cited in starting psychology 2011) used an pneumoencephalogram to measure where the straits is active when we are happy. It lay down that happy people rise more action mechanism in the front of the brain on the go forth hand-side than the right and vice versa when people are unhappy. more or less people naturally use one side of their brain more than the other, using the left side more means you are likely to show up higher levels of happiness regardless of your experiences. This theory was tried on babies and toddlers. Both left hand-sided babies and toddlers showed less mourning when separated from their mothers and were better at new situations than babies and toddlers who were right hand-sided. This shows some level o f happiness is genetically patrimonial again a ‘within’ factor of biological evidence to support Layard’s theory.\r\nDavidson teamed up with Jon Kabat-Zin to understand if mediation had any effect on the right and left front brain activity. They carried out an test on a separate of high crush workers. The gathering was divided into two and one group was taught how to meditate, the other was told they would start later. Eight weeks later the group who learned to meditate were significantly happier, coped better with idiom and had greater immunity when given a flu vaccination than the group who had not yet started. It also showed that their level of brain activity had shifted to the left. So although the brain and how it works is fundamental in how happiness is produced you can effectively train your brain to work in a different way by fastener its plasticity. (Starting psychology 2011)\r\nAll these biological factors contribute to our level of happiness and is what Layard meant by ‘within’ influences. These are not the only influences on our happiness; relationships and environment draw a large role too.\r\nRichard Layard’s (2005) question into happiness identified a list of 7 factors that promote well world. The list states family and close relationships are the deed one factors for happiness as they are emotionally sustaining. This tells us that the ‘outside’ influences of relationships that Layard refers to are demand. (Starting Psychology 2011). Relationships start in the womb and continue throughout life. archaean relationships influence the emotional development of children and a hard attached child is confident, has high self-esteem and knows it is love and valued, creating happiness. The findings from Mary Ainsworth (1978) (cited in Starting Psychology 2011) when she observed one year old babies in her prove ‘the Strange situation’ confirms this claim. Children played i n a room and their reactions were recorded when the parent left and a fantastical entered. Securely attached children were happy to seek and play whilst the parent was present, but became distressed when left. They were comfortably comforted when the parent returned, however when a stranger entered the child could not be comforted and resisted the stranger. insecurely attached children were less confident in exploring, were apathetic to the presence or absence of the parent and irresolute about whether they wanted comforting or not.\r\nA recent UNICEF report (2007) showed how significant relationships with family and friends are in producing happiness in children. This report was about children’s wellbeing in twenty-one developed countries, and the UK found itself at the bottom of the list, behind poorer countries. The reason for this be seemed to be poor quality relationships with family, friends and peers. It emerged that being love and supported by family and friends was the most important elements for a happy childhood. (Starting Psychology 2011).\r\nIn adulthood people who manage good communication are happier than others. Robert roadway (2000) also argued we gain happiness from people’s affection and acceptance of us and it is this feeling of being valued that influences our mood. When we are with people we exchange positive non-verbal communication. Our body language promotes friendly interaction which leads to jape and happiness. Also several large studies have shown a link between expressing gratitude and high feelings of happiness jibe to Seligman (2005). When we thank someone we not only hold the person feel good it increases our mood. All these examples show evidence of what Layard meant by ‘Outside’ influences on our happiness. (Starting Psychology 2011).\r\nIn conclusion many contributing factors settle us happy. These few examples are biological and social influences confirming Richard Layard’s opinion that ‘happiness comes from outside and within’ It seems that a combination of influences are essential in contributing to our overall happiness, there are many other factors that also play a part in our happiness, but it is clear from this evidence that a person’s biological state and close personal relationships directly affect levels of happiness.\r\n'